Did you guys know that Indian Town Planning is more than 10,000 years old. It was a part of treatise on applicable technology and was detailed out in many technical texts like Vastu Shastra in Sanskrit where the methods of planning and building towns and cities are described. That’s not it, broad roadways, streets running from North - South or East - West, with well planned sectors of residential zones, underground drainage systems, centrally located public spaces are typical of Indian town planning. Isnt that cool, I mean imagine all the Universities and colleges in India and around the globe think that town / city planning is 200 yrs old, and was started by the Europeans and modern town planning dates back to 90 yrs with the origin of Garden City Concept in America.Yes that is a big mistake and we have blissfully forgotten the science of city planning, what remains now is political planning of cities. Everything right from the location of airport to improvement of the city’s infrastructure is a political decision. I'd share more about the political aspect of town planning in near future after I have done some more reading.
Well even the Indian building industry dates back to the Indus Valley Civilisation. The archeological remains of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro stand to testify Indian building skills. Indian building industry was very advanced and you can read some interesting facts below.
Now about Vastu – a Prelude
Vastu and other related Arts and Architecture are a part of the Atharva Veda.Vastu is a science that deals with understanding the effects of the physical environment on a man. Climate, Magnetic fields, topographical conditions are the few aspects that were considered while building with Vastu.
Entire townships were designed based on this science. The direction of drainage systems, of entire road networks, buildings, public spaces were all designed based on the sun and wind direction, contours of the site and security to name a few aspects.
This is a very interesting and intense topic and in the near future we will look into case studies of Indian cities that used Vastu. Jaipur is one of the best examples of a city built on Vastu.
Interesting Facts:
- Kushinagar was a city dating back to 9th century and they had constructed cylindrical structures on top of their buildings for better ventilation and light, the north light is a concept that developed from here.
- Every book of ancient Indian literature describes the city and civilization creating a context preceding the main theme of the book.
- Indians loved indulging in beauty care and that holds true for both the genders, the great bath in Mohenjo-Daro is the oldest existing SPA and a big one. Massages and steam bath were a part of the complex. West adapted this concept from east.
- India knew the science of baking bricks 5000 years ago. Kilned bricks were used in the Indian construction Industry more than 5000 Years back.
- The then British government used the 5000 year old bricks (instead of wood) from Harappan sites around for laying the first railway line to Lahore.
- The bricks were made in 15 standard sizes. (Ref.”Lost Discoveries” by Dick – Teresi Page 60)
- The science of building material construction- specially strengthening of bricks , lime mortar and related building material is detailed in “Mayamatha – Kalamula Sastra” written by Kapila Vatsyayana.
p.s.1-I would like to direct you to a few experts for more information on the above topics, will update later.
p.s.2- I have strengthened the article with facts from -Eternally talented India – 108 Facts, thanks to the editorial team.